CDC Alerts Public about Cyclosporiasis Outbreak Affecting 17 States

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has issued a warning about a growing outbreak of cyclosporiasis, a parasitic infection known for causing severe diarrhea. The infection is primarily spread through contaminated food and water. Since May 1, the CDC has documented 145 cases across 17 states, with a notable surge in cases reported in Michigan.

Cyclosporiasis is caused by the parasite *Cyclospora*, and symptoms typically manifest within a week of exposure. These symptoms can include watery and often explosive diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, bloating, headaches, and loss of appetite. If left untreated, the illness can persist for weeks, often presenting in an intermittent pattern. The risk of dehydration is particularly concerning for vulnerable populations, such as the elderly, those with chronic health issues, and immunocompromised individuals.

As of early July, Michigan officials reported a startling increase in cases, with 300 infections identified—far exceeding the state’s usual annual average of approximately 50 cases. The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services (MDHHS) is currently collaborating with local health departments and the CDC to investigate this outbreak and pinpoint common exposure sources. Despite ongoing efforts, a definitive source of the infections has yet to be established.

The FDA is also involved in tracking the outbreak, which has affected states including New York, Florida, Texas, Illinois, and Ohio. New York has reported the highest number of cases, but the CDC suggests that actual numbers may be higher, as many infections likely go unreported.

Individuals affected by cyclosporiasis range in age from 5 to 86 years, with an average age of 42. Approximately 61% of reported cases have occurred among females. Notably, those infected have not reported any recent travel outside the United States prior to symptom onset, indicating that the outbreaks are linked to domestic food sources.

### Understanding Cyclosporiasis: Symptoms and Treatment

The primary symptom of cyclosporiasis is diarrhea, which can be severe. Along with gastrointestinal distress, infected individuals may experience various other symptoms. Treatment typically involves antibiotics, which can alleviate the condition.

### Prevention Strategies

Cyclosporiasis spreads mainly through ingestion of food contaminated with fecal matter. The parasite takes 1 to 2 weeks to become infectious after being passed in a bowel movement, making person-to-person transmission rare. While the exact mechanisms for contamination remain unclear, the CDC emphasizes the importance of thorough food safety practices to minimize risk.

To reduce the likelihood of infection, individuals are encouraged to:

– Wash hands with soap and water before and after preparing or handling food.
– Rinse all fruits and vegetables under running water prior to consumption.
– Use a clean produce brush for firm fruits and vegetables.
– Remove any damaged or bruised parts before eating.
– Refrigerate cut or cooked produce promptly, ideally within two hours.

With the summer season often associated with fresh produce consumption, it’s essential for individuals to remain vigilant about food safety to prevent cyclosporiasis and other foodborne illnesses.